Parts of the Brain: Cerebellum

Now for some more neuroscience! What are the basic parts of the brain, and what functions do they serve? This post will attempt to summarize the importance of the cerebellum. And by summarize, this would be akin to writing a book for teens – this post will not go in depth into neuro-anatomy of the cerebellum (rather the important functions the cerebellum serves).

There are mainly three different parts of the brain - the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem.

The cerebellum is often referred to as the “little brain” and has been present for longer than the cerebrum in humans (it is a much older structure). It controls basic and essential bodily functions such as posture, balance, and coordination – allows people to move and maintain their structure and stance. It also

It is also responsible for motor coordination – the cerebellum enables one to learn how to ride a bike or play a sport. It has a certain function that enables coordination of movement. That is, if one set of muscles is initiated (through one part of the cerebellum), then the other part acts like an opposing set which functions like a brake. This is what allows for fine motor control (especially distal).

Reaction time and visual memory are also mediated by the cerebellum. This enables a person to be able to perceive his or her surroundings and respond accordingly to visual “cues” or stimuli. However, this also means that damage to this part of the brain can be extremely hazardous, especially if driving an automobile. Alcohol can therefore inhibit motor coordination (by enhancing the inhibition of granule cells found in the granular layer of the cerebellum). In autism, certain parts of the cerebellum have not been fully developed and are therefore insufficient for normal function. All in all, the cerebellum is a vital part of the human brain, and without its proper function, we would not be able to survive.